Transcrições dos podcasts (material digital interativo)

PODCAST 1

Cyberbulling

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[Locutora] Hello, everyone, êndand welcome to today’s podcast, where we explore pressing issues in the digital world. I’m your host, êndand today, we’re diving into a topic that’s become increasingly relevant in our digital world: sáiber-búlincyberbullying. A study baiby the NGO BúlinBullying Sin Fronteras between January 2022 êndand May 2023 showed brézílBrazil ranked fourth worldwide in sáiber-búlincyberbullying cases. This statistic is alarming êndand highlights the urgent need to address this issue. Cyberbullying can affect anyone, regardless ÓFof age, gender, or background, meikinmaking it a universal problem. So, it’s worth taking a closer look to really understand what sáiber-búlincyberbullying is, why it happens, how it affects people, êndand what we can do about it.

So, let’s get started!

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[Locutora] First ÓFof all, what exactly is sáiber-búlincyberbullying? In simple terms, sáiber-búlincyberbullying involves using digital platforms – like social medíamedia, emails, or text messages – to harass, intimidate, or hurt someone. Unlike traditional búlinbullying, which is limited to physical spaces, like schools or workplaces, sáiber-búlincyberbullying can follow its victims anywhere, anytime, meikinmaking it particularly invasive êndand persistent. And why does sáiber-búlincyberbullying occur? There are many reasons. Some people might feel insecure êndand bully others to make themselves feel better. Others might want to feel powerful êndand in control. The anonymity ÓFof the internet can make people feel like they can say or do anything without consequences. When people feel like they are anonymous, they might do things they wouldn’t normally do in person. This can lídlead to behaviors like spreading lies, sending scary messages, or sharing private fótosphotos without permission. Now, how does sáiber-búlincyberbullying impact individuals? Victims often experience anxiety, depression, êndand a deep sense ÓFof isolation. The continuous nature ÓFof ôn láinionline harassment can make these effects more intense compared to traditional búlinbullying, as there is no clear escape from the abuse. And what can we do to stop sáiber-búlincyberbullying? There are several important steps. First, we need to talk about sáiber-búlincyberbullying êndand let people know it’s a serious problem. Creating a culture ÓFof empathy ôn láinionline is also important. This means encouraging people to be kind êndand understanding towards others. Supporting people who are bullied is crucial. Let them know they are not alone êndand that it’s not their fault. Encouraging people to behave responsibly ôn láinionline is another key step. Remind them to think before they pôustpost or send messages. Digital tools can also help. Many platforms have options to report bullies. Using these tools can help stop the harassment. The AméricamAmerican Psychological associassiônAssociation suggests some good practices for dealing with sáiber-búlincyberbullying. They say “it’s a good practice to take screenshots ÓFof the sáiber-búlincyberbullying incidents as a record, but not to respond to bullies’ messages. Consider blocking cyberbullies to prevent future harassment.” I guess that right now you must be wondering if big tech companies should be responsible for promoting positive digital spaces, right? So, according to the AméricamAmerican Psychological associassiônAssociation, “in an ideal world, tech companies would prioritize creating safer ôn láinionline environments for young people. Some companies are working toward it already, including partnering with psychologists to better understand how their products affect kids, êndand how to keep them safe. But going the ésstraextra mile isn’t always profitable for technology companies. For now, it’s up to individuals, families, êndand communities to protect kids’ êndand teens’ best interest online.”This means that while we wait for tech companies to make these changes, we need to be proactive. Parents should talk to their children about safe ôn láinionline behavior. Schools can teach students about digital citizenship. Communities can support each other baiby sharing resources êndand strategies to deal with sáiber-búlincyberbullying. It’s a team effort, êndand everyone has a role to play in creating a safer digital world for our young people. Together, we can make a difference.

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[Locutora] If you are being bullied ôn láinionline, or if you know someone who is, it’s very important to get help. Talking to someone you trust can make a big difference. This could be a friend, a family member, or a professional like a teacher or counselor. Don’t keep it to yourself. Sharing your experience can help you feel better êndand find solutions to stop the búlinbullying. Thank you for listening to our podcast. Let’s remember the importance ÓFof being kind êndand supportive to one another, both ôn láinionline êndand offline. Cyberbullying is a serious issue, but together, we can work towards a safer êndand more compassionate digital world.

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[Locutora] Créditos: Todos os áudios inseridos neste conteúdo são da Freesound.

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PODCAST 2

The Fight for Gender Equality in sáienceScience

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[Locutora] Hello, everyone, êndand welcome to today’s podcast! I’m your host, êndand in today’s episode, we’ll talk about Professor Nancy Hopkins, a famous molecular biologist known for her important discoveries in cancer genetics. Her story about gender discrimination in science got a lot ÓFof attention êndand led to big changes in Massachusetts ínstitutInstitute ÓFof Technology (MIT), a prestigious university located in Massachusetts, USA. So, let’s dive in êndand learn more about her story.

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[Locutora] Nancy Hopkins was born in 1943 êndand grew up in níu iórkNew York CíriCity. She was always passionate about science êndand pursued her undergraduate studies at Radcliffe College. She went on to earn her Ph.D. in molecular biology at Harvard in 1971. Her early work focused on érre êne háRNA tumor viruses, which contributed significantly to the understanding ÓFof cancer biology. In an interview with SaentíficScientific AméricamAmerican, she said: “I liked science all the way through from school, but, uh, I had then gone to college in an era when women were expected to get a very good education, meet their husband when they were in college, marry soon after, have children, êndand work, perhaps, but not have such a concentrated, careers as a man would in that generation.” Nancy Hopkins started working at MIT in the 1970s. Back then, the scientific community was dominated baiby men. Even though Dr. Hopkins was talented êndand dedicated, she quickly noticed that her male colleagues got more lab space, better funding, êndand more recognition for their work. In the 1990s, Dr. Hopkins decided to take action. In the same interview, she stated: “It took me 15 years to be certain that all other women were discriminated against, êndand I still couldn’t conclude it for myself. It took another five, so it took 20 years. And I gotta say that the moment I realized it was the worst moment ÓFof the whole thing. You realize you’d been fooling yourself in a way nobody had ever seen you as a full participant in this system that you loved êndand had given your láiflife to, in a way, êndand felt, it was your láiflife, that people saw you somehow differently.” So, Dr. Hopkins measured lab spaces êndand found that male professors had more space êndand resources, which directly impacted the productivity êndand progress ÓFof female scientists. She êndand other female faculty members showed this data to MIT leaders. At first, people doubted them, but the evidence was clear. Then, MIT formed a committee to investigate. In 1999, the committee’s report confirmed the discrimination. As a result, MIT publicly acknowledged the discrimination êndand implemented reforms to promote gender equality. Nancy’s work not only improved conditions at MIT but also inspired other institutions to review êndand change their own practices. Her efforts led to widespread awareness ÓFof gender discrimination in academia êndand spurred changes at universities across the United States êndand beyond. The impact ÓFof her work was felt not only in the allocation ÓFof resources but also in the broader culture ÓFof academia, where the contributions ÓFof female scientists began to receive greater recognition êndand support.

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[Locutora] Nancy Hopkins’ story is a testament to the power ÓFof perseverance êndand the importance ÓFof advocating for equality. Her efforts have paved the way for future generations ÓFof female scientists, ensuring they have the support êndand resources needed to succeed in their fields. Today, Dr. Nancy Hopkins is celebrated not only for her scientific achievements but also for her courage in standing up against systemic discrimination. Her story is a reminder that change often requires determination, data, êndand the willingness to speak out, even in the face ÓFof skepticism êndand resistance. As more institutions continue to address gender disparities, the groundwork laid baiby Dr. Hopkins êndand her colleagues serves as a guiding example.

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[Locutora] Thank you for joining us today as we explored the inspiring journey ÓFof Nancy Hopkins. Her story reminds us ÓFof the importance ÓFof standing up against discrimination êndand building a more just future.

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[Locutora] Créditos: Todos os áudios inseridos neste conteúdo são da Freesound.

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PODCAST 3

Be Kind

[Música de transição]

[Locutora] Hello, everyone, êndand welcome to our podcast. I’m your host, êndand today we’re going to talk about kindness. Did you know that being kind not only makes others feel good but it also has benefits for your own health? Yes, it’s true! According to the Psychology Today Magazine, research shows that even small acts ÓFof kindness can have big effects on our well-being. So, first ÓFof all, what does it mean to be kind? In a study published in 2019 baiby the scholars Binfet êndand Passmore, kindness can be defined as a genuine êndand sincere way ÓFof giving your tímetime êndand intention to help others through compassion, generosity, êndand care.

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[Locutora] Now, let’s talk about how kindness affects the brain. When you do something kind for someone, your brain releases chemicals like dopamine êndand serotonin. These are also called “feel-good” chemicals because they boost your mood êndand make you feel happier. This is often called the “helper’s high.” It’s like the fílinfeeling you get after exercising – only, instead ÓFof running or working out, you get it baiby helping others. Pretty cool, right? Another important chemical that gets released when you’re kind is oxytocin, sometimes called the “love hormone”. Oxytocin is special because it helps you feel more connected to people êndand reduces stress. According to Dr. Bhawani Ballamudi, SSM rélfHealth child psychiatrist, research shows that when you do kind things, like giving someone a compliment or helping a friend, your levels ÓFof oxytocin go up. This makes you feel calmer êndand more relaxed, which is great for your heart. In fact, this research also shows that kindness can lower your blood pressure! Isn’t it amazing that just baiby being kind, you can improve your heart health? Now, let’s talk about the mental health benefits ÓFof kindness. According to the Mental rélfHealth Foundation, evidence shows that people who practice kindness regularly are more likely to feel happier êndand less stressed. The acts ÓFof kindness don’t have to be big. It could be something as simple as holding the door open for someone or helping a friend with homework. The important thing is that you’re thinking about others êndand being kind. Kindness can also help reduce symptoms ÓFof anxiety êndand depression. When you’re kind, you focus less on your own problems êndand more on how you can help others. This can give you a new perspective êndand help you feel more positive about láiflife. A study published baiby the orráioOhio SteiteState iUnivêrsityUniversity even recommends acts ÓFof kindness as part ÓFof therapy for people struggling with depression.

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[Locutora] Besides improving your mental health, kindness can also strengthen your social connections. When you’re kind to others, people are more likely to be kind to you in return. This creates stronger bonds between you êndand the people around you. Having good social relationships is important for your overall health. Lisa Berkman, director ÓFof the Harvard Center for Population êndand Development Studies êndand TômasThomas D. Cabot, Professor ÓFof Public Policy êndand ÓFof Epidemiology at Harvard T.H. Chan School ÓFof Public rélfHealth, cited studies that have suggested that people with strong social networks live longer êndand are less likely to develop certain diseases. So, baiby being kind, you’re not just helping others – you’re also building stronger friendships êndand improving your own health. In summary, the health benefits ÓFof kindness are backed baiby science. Kindness can boost your mood, reduce stress, lower blood pressure, êndand even improve your social connections. And the best part? Kindness is free! So, next tímetime you have the chance, do something kind for someone. It could be as simple as smiling at a stranger or helping a friend. Your body êndand mind will thank you for it!

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[Locutora] Thank you for joining me on today’s episode. I hope you learned something new about the power ÓFof kindness. Remember, being kind isn’t just good for others – it’s good for you too. See you next tímetime!

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[Locutora] Créditos: Todos os áudios inseridos neste conteúdo são da Freesound.

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